Sunday, 24 June 2012

|NIGERIA AS A CASE STUDY|

CULTURE AN INDISPENSABLE INFLUENCE ON KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT


Ms Esther presenting her Case Study
The Symposium on IT Governance, Management & Audit (SIGMA) 2012 is brought by the Department of Information System, College of Information Technology, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia. This symposium co-organized with ISACA – Malaysia Chapter is intended to bring together industrialists and academicians to share and exchange research ides and products expertise gearing towards the symposium’s theme ‘Governing the Future. Take Charge.

There’s 3 track briefed on 20th June 2012 which is Track 1: IT Governance & Framework. Implementation in Organization: Control Methodologies. Track 2: IT Audit, Risk Management & Information Security Practices and the last one is track 3: Knowledge Management, System & Platforms. We happened to choose the last track venue at BW-G-R04 between 2.30pm till 4.30pm and decided to discuss a topic brought by Ms Esther title Culture: An Indispensable influence on Knowledge Management (Nigeria as a case study)

In organization has their own organization culture and of course different organization will have different type of culture. Each organization also has different structure of their organization. Mostly they have their own way in conducting their culture in organization. For example, if you came late to work, your salary will be cut off but other organization either you came late they don’t cut off the salary. It depends for the organization in conducting the culture in their environment and will affect the knowledge management. Although the organization has different type of culture, but each person must have their own key differentiation with other people. The top management in organization know how to achieve but what the differentiate with others is knowledge management.

We have to look the knowledge management as our asset, with the knowledge; we were different with others and become more achievable person. Each person has to manage their knowledge however nowadays, although there had technology but the people, they don’t think about the importance of sharing knowledge and did not take it as seriously. They don’t take the culture as seriously and did not thinking about it. If this kind of attitude occurs, they will face with the failure. So, it is important to think the culture seriously.

Technology, information, skill and culture are the factors that contribute to the knowledge management. Information can view as the prudential knowledge and you have critical look on it, if you don’t, you didn’t know it is the prudential knowledge. It’s important for sharing knowledge with others, while skills also as the knowledge and technology have the main role for sharing knowledge. The culture is the way of human behaviour that with the knowledge, it can help us with everything. The culture can affect the people and also the technology as well. The culture also has affected the Nigerian perspectives.

The culture in Nigerian, regarding the Golic framework, the culture affects the people and technology. In Nigerians, all the decision making were made by the boss while the employee do not trust their boss. However, in Nigerians, it easier for the Nigerian to promote each other in the organization if they have the same tract, same religion and same culture. But, they did not share their knowledge with different people. Mostly they were doing based on their tradition and they don’t generate idea and renovate.

Nigerians also have difference perspectives in sharing their knowledge. In sharing the knowledge, their perspectives that they will get back in return, if they don’t get as a return, they will not share their knowledge. They not trust people however if you want some person to share the knowledge, you have to give something in return. For example, in another organization, if I share knowledge, it easier for you to talk to the boss to do the promotion, if this is positive, it lead to knowledge sharing, knowledge management, but if negative, it lead to the knowledge loss. This will directly effect to the organizational culture in knowledge management. however, in different organization place, If I don’t share my knowledge, you get angry and you would kill me or the boss fired me, it lead to the knowledge loss. It also occur in different religion, they do not share the knowledge with others different religions.

This assignment make we knows about the important sharing knowledge management in organization. The knowledge that sharing will help the organization more arrange in administer in develop their company. All staff will achieve a good work quality from their sharing knowledge with each other. They must forget their differences in culture, religion and position in organization. When they remove this barrier the organization will be firm and have good work atmosphere in work. In organization all people must help each other to ensure the organization management always smooth and produce high quality work.

Saturday, 23 June 2012

Importance of Ethics among IT Professional


1.1 Introduction

Nowadays, we see that, there are fast developments in information systems. They are involving social and political relationships and so make ethical considerations in how information is used all the more important. Electronic systems now reach into all levels of field work, into the workplace, and into private lives to such an extent that even people without access to these systems are affected in significant ways by them. New ethical and legal decisions are necessary to balance the needs and rights of everyone.

Meaning of ethics are moral choices made by individuals in relation to the rest of the community, standards of acceptable behavior, and rules governing members of a profession. Ethics are principles and rules concerning duty to society, profession and business. The purpose of ethics in information systems is not philosophical or academic it can mean the survival of a business or industry. The issues relating to electronic information systems include control of and access to information, privacy and misuse of data.

The President of the Australian Computer Society provided a much shorter definition of ethics:

                                         “Doing the right thing even when no one looking.” 

             (Philip Argy, 2007)

1.2 Ethics among IT Professionals

Information and computer technology has brought about profound changes in society changes in how we work, how we play and how we interact with one another. There are very few aspects of modern life that have not been affected, and this revolution is not expected to come to an end any time soon. With social and technological change, come new opportunities for good and bad behavior think of peer-to-peer file sharing on the internet, and the use and misuse of personal data. Typically the policy makers are unable to keep up with the pace of this change. Society as a whole has to grapple with these difficult issues but computing professionals have a particular role to play because of their unique expertise.

In IT professionals, ethics is the most important things that contain many issues that must follow by IT professional. They must know the code of ethics that have many benefits and when they follow all the ethics as IT professional, this will show that they are professional in their field work.
    
1.3 Code of Ethics (Professional Standards), Function & Benefit


A code of ethics is a set of guidelines that many organizations use to help professionals understand how they are expected to behave as a member of that profession. Codes of ethics and professional standards outline how employees should approach their work and their customers. (Jessica Oman, 1999)
                                    

The function a code of ethics and professional standards are intended to regulate behavior and actions among members of a certain profession. Their function is to outline ethical obligations within the company and may indicate the consequences of not following the code. The benefit codes of ethics and professional standards benefit employees by providing them with direction to act within the morals of the profession. These codes can make a certain behavior the expected norm from any member of that profession, and can send a positive message to people outside the profession.

Establishing a code of ethics for information technology professionals encourages an IT worker to behave ethically and responsibly with the tools and information of which his employers have put him in control. (Hailey Galvenston, 1999)
                             

There are a few example of standard professional code of ethic like Standard, Access, Prevention, Skills & Types.The first one is Standard, Standard is a code of ethics document sets the standards for what is expected of the IT professional. It reinforces what is considered right and wrong by using verbiage such as "always" or "never" to be as clear as possible. The second is Access, Access is a code of ethics reminds IT professionals that they are not to impede or manipulate pre-authorized access to the information or hardware of which they are in control. The third is Prevention, Prevention is a code of ethics helps prevent IT professionals from behaving in a malicious or harmful manner with company information and equipment. The fourth is Skills, Skills is a code of ethics helps motivate an IT professional to stay current in her chosen skill set in order to be more effective on the job for her employer. A motivated IT professional may also be encouraged to learn new skill sets as technology changes. For the last one is Types, which mean is a code of ethics documents can be tailored with verbiage that specifically affects only certain types of IT professional, such as programmers or cyber forensics experts.

1.4 Conclusion

As a conclusion, professional ethical issues can occur in developing any Information Technology system. However, the Internet and web allow many more people around the world to quickly connect to an IT system. As a result professionals are more likely to confront ethical issues when dealing with the Internet and the World Wide Web. When all IT professional follow the code of ethics, their organization will come out with good work ethics. Remember that having a good ethic is having a good attitude and finishing your work on time. People like to be around someone who is positive and in turn helping them have a better working environment.

( VIDEO PRESENTATION )


Presented by Nurashiken Subari |SN084204|


References

Philip, A. (2007) Shorter definition of ethics
Retrieved June 23, 2012 from

Hailey, G. (1999) The Importance of a Code of Ethics for IT Professionals | eHow.com
Copyright © 1999-2012 Demand Media, Inc.
Retrieved June 23, 2012 from
http://www.ehow.com/facts_6060876_importance-code-ethics-professionals.html

Michael Wolfe, How to Improve Ethics In The Workplace | eHow.com
Copyright © 1999-2012 Demand Media, Inc.
Retrieved June 23, 2012 from
http://www.ehow.com/how_7392531_improve-ethics-workplace.html

Jessica, O. (1999) Code Ethics & Professional Standards | eHow.com
Copyright © 1999-2012 Demand Media, Inc.
Retrieved June 23, 2012 from
http://www.ehow.com/facts_6945954_code-ethics-professional-standards.html